Optimization of magnetic field sweep and field modulation amplitude for continuous-wave EPR oximetry

For continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, what settings of magnetic field sweep width and field modulation amplitude yield the best accuracy in estimated linewidth? Statistical bounds on estimation error presented in this work provide practical guidance: set the sweep width and modulation amplitude to 8 and 4 times the half-width half-maximum linewidth, Γ, respectively. For unknown linewidths in the range [Γ(min),Γ(max)] the worst-case estimation error is minimized by using settings designed for Γ(max). The analysis assumes a Lorentzian lineshape and a constant modulation amplitude across the extent of the irradiated paramagnetic probe. The analytical guidelines are validated using L-band spectroscopy with a particulate LiNc-BuO probe.