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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)01:14

Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
A gas chromatograph consists of a long, narrow capillary column with a polysiloxane coating on the inner wall. The coating...
Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...

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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

MALDI Sample Preparation: the Ultra Thin Layer Method
05:28

MALDI Sample Preparation: the Ultra Thin Layer Method

Published on: April 29, 2007

Thin layer chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Sy-Chyi Cheng1, Min-Zong Huang, Jentaie Shiea

  • 1Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|February 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thin layer chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (TLC-MS) offers advanced compound analysis. This review covers indirect and direct TLC-MS techniques for enhanced chemical and biochemical characterization.

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Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Refractive Index or Mass Spectrometric Detection for Metabolite Profiling in Lysate-based Cell-free Systems
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Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Refractive Index or Mass Spectrometric Detection for Metabolite Profiling in Lysate-based Cell-free Systems

Published on: September 23, 2021

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

MALDI Sample Preparation: the Ultra Thin Layer Method
05:28

MALDI Sample Preparation: the Ultra Thin Layer Method

Published on: April 29, 2007

Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Refractive Index or Mass Spectrometric Detection for Metabolite Profiling in Lysate-based Cell-free Systems
14:42

Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Refractive Index or Mass Spectrometric Detection for Metabolite Profiling in Lysate-based Cell-free Systems

Published on: September 23, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatography
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a widely used separation technique.
  • Traditional TLC visualization methods lack direct identification capabilities.
  • Combining TLC with mass spectrometry (MS) enables structural elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review state-of-the-art TLC-MS techniques.
  • To classify existing TLC-MS systems based on operational processes and working environments.
  • To highlight advancements in direct and indirect analyte characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of TLC-MS systems into indirect and direct analysis.
  • Categorization based on vacuum-based versus ambient mass spectrometry.
  • Review of literature on various TLC-MS interfaces and methodologies.

Main Results:

  • TLC-MS techniques enable direct or indirect analysis of analytes on TLC plates.
  • Systems are categorized by analyte handling (scraping/extraction vs. direct analysis).
  • Ambient mass spectrometry allows for atmospheric pressure TLC-MS analysis.

Conclusions:

  • TLC-MS is a powerful tool for analyzing separated compounds.
  • Both indirect and direct TLC-MS methods offer distinct advantages.
  • Advancements in ambient MS expand the applicability of TLC-MS.