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Dengue hemorrhagic fever outbreak in children in Port Sudan

Amal Malik1, Kenneth Earhart, Emad Mohareb

  • 1Department of Pediatric, Red Sea University, Port Sudan, Sudan.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|February 23, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) significantly impacted Port Sudan in 2004-2005, particularly affecting children. Dengue virus serotype 3 was confirmed, highlighting the need for public health interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) pose a global health challenge, with Asia and the Pacific bearing the highest burden.
  • DHF emerged as a significant public health concern in Port Sudan during 2004-2005.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics and serological evidence of DHF cases in Port Sudan.
  • To identify the prevalent dengue virus serotype in the affected population.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical diagnosis of 312 DHF cases admitted to local hospitals.
  • Serological testing for dengue IgM antibodies using RAPID-cassette and IgM-capture ELISA.
  • Dengue virus serotyping using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

Main Results:

  • A total of 312 DHF cases were recorded, with a mortality rate of 3.8%.
  • The majority of cases (73.4%) were children aged 5-15 years, with a peak incidence in May-June 2005.
  • Dengue shock syndrome occurred in 11.9% of patients, all exhibiting thrombocytopenia.
  • 90% of tested sera were positive for dengue IgM, and PCR confirmed dengue serotype 3 in 9 out of 23 samples.

Conclusions:

  • DHF represents a substantial public health threat in Port Sudan, characterized by high morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations.
  • The confirmation of dengue serotype 3 underscores the etiological agent responsible for the outbreak.
  • Findings emphasize the need for enhanced surveillance and control strategies for dengue in the region.

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