Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom, respectively.
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Distinct Ligand- and Metal-Centered Phosphorescence in a Terbium Carbazolyl Complex.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Negative Electron Binding Energy of the Au<sub>13</sub> Core in Au<sub>25</sub>(SC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H)<sub>18</sub> Achieved by Ligand Deprotonations.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Helium Tagging Spectroscopy of Isolated Cationic Dyes in Metastable Triplet States.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Tin-Chelated Trisphosphineoxide Scorpionate Rare-Earth Porphyrinate Complexes: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties.

Inorganic chemistry·2024
Same author

Dye Induced Luminescence Properties of Gold(I) Complexes with near Unity Quantum Efficiency.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2024
Same author

Twisted and Disconnected Chains: Flexible Linear Tetracuprous Arrays and a Decanuclear Cu<sup>I</sup> Cluster as Blue- and Green/Yellow-Light Emitters.

Inorganic chemistry·2024
Same journal

Symmetry Breaking in Achiral Porphyrins: Noncovalent Origins of Emergent Optical Activity.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Modulation of O<sub>2</sub> Affinity and Enzymatic Activity of Core‒Shell Structured Hemoglobin Nanoparticles.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Stepwise Synthesis of Tetrabenzotriazaporphyrins (TBTAPs) and Their Open 2- and 3-Ring Fragments.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Geometry-Based Neural-Network Prediction of Electron Localization Function Topology in Dense Hydrogen.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Dual Regulation of Charge Carriers Based on Phosphorus-Doped CdS/Nickel Polyphthalocyanine Dyads for Boosting Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Effects of Biotin on a Fluorescein-Based Photosensitizer Revealed by Multiscale Computational Modeling.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
14:11

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Published on: June 10, 2021

New hexanuclear group 11 pyrazolate complexes: synthesis and photophysical features.

Thomas Jozak1, Yu Sun, Yvonne Schmitt

  • 1Fachbereich Chemie & Research Centre OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 54, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|February 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized novel copper(I) complexes by exchanging protons in a binaphthyl ligand with metal cations. The resulting hexanuclear complexes exhibit unique pelton-wheel structures and complex fluorescence properties dependent on both ligand and metal.

More Related Videos

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions
07:12

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions

Published on: July 17, 2020

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
14:11

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Published on: June 10, 2021

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions
07:12

Cercosporin-Photocatalyzed [4+1]- and [4+2]-Annulations of Azoalkenes Under Mild Conditions

Published on: July 17, 2020

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
09:12

[(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: May 21, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Coordination chemistry
  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Materials science

Background:

  • The synthesis of novel metal complexes with unique structural motifs is crucial for developing new functional materials.
  • Binaphthyl-based ligands offer rich stereochemical possibilities for coordination chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel metal complexes derived from 2,2'-di(1,2-pyrazol-3-yl)-1,1'-binaphthyl.
  • To investigate the structural and photophysical properties of these new complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of 2,2'-di(1,2-pyrazol-3-yl)-1,1'-binaphthyl with monovalent group 11 metal precursors in the presence of a base.
  • Structural characterization using X-ray crystallography.
  • Spectroscopic analysis (UV-Vis, fluorescence) and temperature-dependent studies.

Main Results:

  • Complete exchange of pyrazole NH protons with M(+) cations was achieved.
  • A hexanuclear copper(I) complex with a pelton-wheel arrangement of the binaphthyl unit was structurally characterized.
  • All three synthesized complexes were found to be isostructural.
  • Complex fluorescence behavior was observed, influenced by both the ligand and metal centers.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully synthesized novel isostructural metal complexes with unique hexanuclear and pelton-wheel structures.
  • The fluorescence properties are intricately linked to the interplay between the binaphthyl ligand and the metal ions.
  • These findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in coordination complexes.