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Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

Stroke: Introduction and Types

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Published on: June 20, 2025

microRNAs in stroke pathogenesis.

J R Tan¹, Y X Koo, P Kaur

¹The Stroke Program, Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597.

Current Molecular Medicine

|February 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

microRNAs offer new insights into stroke mechanisms and treatment. These small molecules show potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for stroke, a leading cause of death and disability.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Assessment of Neuroimmune Interactions in a Mini-Stroke Murine Model

Published on: June 20, 2025

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability.
Current treatments like rtPA have limited time windows.
Molecular mechanisms of stroke pathogenesis are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of microRNAs in stroke pathogenesis.
To discuss microRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for stroke.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on microRNAs and stroke.
Analysis of microRNA involvement in key stroke processes.

Main Results:

MicroRNAs are key regulators of gene function with potential in stroke research.
Specific microRNAs and their targets are implicated in endothelial dysfunction, neurovascular integrity, edema, apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling.
MicroRNA expression reflects individual responses to stroke therapies.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs are crucial in understanding stroke pathogenesis.
MicroRNAs hold promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for stroke.
MicroRNAs represent potential novel therapeutic targets for stroke treatment.