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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking (TXL) for Myopia
12:25

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking (TXL) for Myopia

Published on: January 6, 2018

Imaging sclera with hard X-ray microscopy.

Nigel J Fullwood1, Francis L Martin, Adam J Bentley

  • 1Division of Biomedicine and Life Sciences, School of Heath and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. n.fullwood@lancaster.ac.uk

Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)
|February 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used hard X-ray microscopy to reveal detailed collagen fibril organization in the eye's sclera, observing structures like cross-bridges and axial periodicity with nanoscale resolution.

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Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera
07:22

Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera

Published on: May 6, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking (TXL) for Myopia
12:25

Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking (TXL) for Myopia

Published on: January 6, 2018

Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera
07:22

Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera

Published on: May 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The sclera's structural integrity is crucial for ocular biomechanics.
  • Understanding collagen fibril organization is key to scleral function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nanoscale organization of collagen fibrils in the sclera.
  • To compare hard X-ray microscopy with electron and atomic force microscopy for bio-imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 7 keV hard X-ray microscope at the Pohang Light Source.
  • Acquired high-resolution images of longitudinal and transverse scleral sections.
  • Compared X-ray microscopy data with electron and atomic force microscopy images.

Main Results:

  • Achieved spatial resolution better than 100 nm, clearly visualizing individual collagen fibrils.
  • Observed axial periodicity and cross-bridge-like structures between fibrils.
  • Successfully imaged keratocytes and the lamellar structure of the scleral stroma.

Conclusions:

  • Hard X-ray microscopy offers unique advantages for nanoscale bio-imaging of the sclera.
  • Provides unprecedented detail on collagen fibril organization and intermolecular interactions.
  • This technique advances our understanding of scleral structure and biomechanics.