Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026
09:01
The Bovine Lung in Biomedical Research: Visually Guided Bronchoscopy, Intrabronchial Inoculation and In Vivo Sampling Techniques
Published on: July 3, 2014
Respiratory disease in neonatal cloned calves
A C Brisville1, G Fecteau, S Boysen
1Hopital des animaux de la Ferme, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vété, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada. anne-claire.brisville@umontreal.ca
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|March 1, 2011
Summary
Respiratory diseases are common in cloned calves, often causing hypoxemia due to ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Intranasal oxygen and mechanical ventilation can successfully support affected cloned calves.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Science
- Neonatal Care
Background:
- Cloned calves frequently exhibit clinical abnormalities during the neonatal period.
- Respiratory diseases represent a significant challenge in neonatal cloned calves.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the characteristics and outcomes of respiratory diseases in cloned calves.
- To evaluate the efficacy of respiratory support interventions in this population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective clinical study involving 25 cloned Holstein calves.
- Analysis of medical records from a veterinary teaching hospital.
- Review of respiratory parameters, treatments (intranasal oxygen, mechanical ventilation), and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Twenty-two of 25 cloned calves experienced respiratory diseases.
- Hypoxemia was a common finding, often linked to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch.
- Intranasal oxygen and mechanical ventilation were employed, with varying success rates; 5 calves died or were euthanized due to respiratory failure.
Conclusions:
- Respiratory disease is a frequent and serious complication in cloned calves.
- Hypoxemia due to V/Q mismatch is the primary respiratory abnormality.
- Intranasal oxygen and mechanical ventilation are viable therapeutic options for supporting cloned calves with respiratory compromise.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
01:08Cloning of Dolly the Sheep
The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual, the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter telomeres than other...
01:17Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation
In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
01:27Reproductive Cloning
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
01:30Acute Respiratory Failure-III
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-I
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...