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Risk factors for medication-induced diabetes and type 2 diabetes

Shazhan Amed1, Heather Dean, Elizabeth A C Sellers

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|March 1, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Children with medication-induced diabetes were less likely to have typical type 2 diabetes risk factors like obesity. This highlights the need for distinct screening and prevention strategies for medication-induced diabetes in pediatric populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes is increasingly diagnosed in children, often associated with obesity and family history.
  • Medication-induced diabetes is a less common but significant concern in pediatric populations.
  • Distinct risk factor profiles may exist between type 2 diabetes and medication-induced diabetes in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence of established type 2 diabetes risk factors in children diagnosed with medication-induced diabetes versus type 2 diabetes.
  • To identify potential differences in risk factor profiles that could inform diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study using data from a Canadian prospective surveillance study.
  • Comparison of clinical features and risk factors (obesity, family history, ethnicity, acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, PCOS) in new cases of type 2 diabetes (n=225) and medication-induced diabetes (n=58) over two years.
  • Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Children with medication-induced diabetes were more likely to be Caucasian (P < .0001) and less likely to be obese (P < .0001) compared to those with type 2 diabetes.
  • Medication-induced diabetes cases showed lower prevalence of positive family history of type 2 diabetes (P = .0001) and acanthosis nigricans (P < .0001).
  • Obesity-related comorbidities like PCOS (P = .04), dyslipidemia (P = .02), and hypertension (P = .04) were less common in medication-induced diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Typical risk factors for type 2 diabetes are insufficient for identifying all children at risk for medication-induced diabetes.
  • Further research is required to develop specific screening and prevention guidelines for medication-induced diabetes in children.
  • Clinical evaluation should consider factors beyond those typically associated with type 2 diabetes when assessing children for medication-induced diabetes.
Abstract

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