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Sinus floor elevation using osteotomes or piezoelectric surgery.

D Baldi1, M Menini, F Pera

  • 1Dept. Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Genoa University, Italy.

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|March 1, 2011
PubMed
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This study presents a crestal approach for sinus floor augmentation in cases with minimal residual bone, achieving a 97% implant survival rate. Tapered implants showed better bone height gain compared to cylindrical ones.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Surgery
  • Implantology

Background:

  • Atrophic posterior maxilla often requires bone augmentation for dental implant placement.
  • Sinus floor augmentation is a common procedure to increase bone height in the posterior maxilla.
  • Minimally invasive techniques are sought for sinus floor elevation, especially when residual bone is limited (≤ 7.5mm).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and evaluate a 1-step crestal approach technique for sinus floor augmentation.
  • To assess the outcomes of immediate dental implant placement following this augmentation technique.
  • To compare the efficacy of osteotomes/burs versus piezosurgery for sinus floor elevation.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 25 patients with atrophic posterior maxilla (residual bone ≤ 7.5mm).

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  • 36 dental implants were placed immediately after sinus floor elevation using a 1-step crestal approach (osteotomes/burs or piezosurgery).
  • Radiographic evaluation pre-surgery and 1 year post-surgery; implant stability assessed at 12 months.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean residual bone height was 5.61mm; mean sinus elevation gain was 6.78mm at 1 year.
    • Cumulative survival rate of implants was 97% (33 out of 34 implants stable at 12 months).
    • Tapered implants resulted in statistically significant higher bone height gain compared to cylindrical implants (P<0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • The 1-step crestal approach is a viable technique for sinus floor augmentation in cases with limited residual bone.
    • Immediate implant placement following this procedure demonstrates high survival rates.
    • Piezosurgery offers patient comfort and surgeon convenience, though both methods yielded similar bone level results.