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Updated: Jun 4, 2026
Efficient Regeneration-based Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of an Asexual Amphibious Brassicaceae Species, Rorippa aquatica
Published on: January 16, 2026
Propagating antirrhinum
Andrew Hudson1, Joanna Critchley, Yvette Erasmus
1University of Edinburgh, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
INTRODUCTIONThis protocol describes general strategies for propagating Antirrhinum (snapdragon) species: self- and cross-pollination, cuttings, and grafting. Antirrhinum majus cultivars and some wild species are self-fertile, but they require self-pollination for high seed yields. Although self-fertile, A. majus shows unilateral incompatibility and can only be crossed to other self-incompatible species as the female parent. All Antirrhinum species can be propagated clonally from cuttings. Antirrhinum also readily forms grafts within and between species.
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Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...