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Updated: Jun 4, 2026
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Published on: March 10, 2020
Crossing tomato plants
Seisuke Kimura1, Neelima Sinha
1Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Abstract:
INTRODUCTIONThis protocol describes how to cross tomato plants. Crossing is important for the genetic analysis and breeding of tomatoes. Tomatoes are self-pollinating plants; thus, emasculation (removal of the anthers from the female parent) is essential. All wild tomato species can be crossed with cultivated tomatoes (although it may be difficult); this is useful because wild tomatoes are a great source of desirable traits. Most commercial tomatoes are F(1) hybrids, and the seeds for them were produced by crossing two parent tomatoes.
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01:39Test Cross
01:39Test Cross
01:34Crossing Over
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
01:34Crossing over
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
01:30Crossing Over
02:27Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...