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Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Based Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection

Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Based Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection

Published on: November 17, 2023

A new approach to solution-phase gold seeding for SERS substrates.

Scott M Tabakman¹, Zhuo Chen, Hernan Sanchez Casalongue

¹Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 380 Roth Way, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|March 2, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new solution-phase method creates stable, SERS-active gold films on diverse surfaces without complex steps. This enables highly sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) assays.

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Analytical Chemistry
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers high sensitivity but requires complex, costly gold substrates.
Existing methods for SERS-active gold substrates involve difficult preparation and specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a general, solution-phase method for creating stable SERS-active gold films.
To enable SERS applications on various substrates, including complex biological surfaces.
To achieve high SERS enhancement factors and sensitive biomarker detection.

Main Methods:

A seed-based, solution-phase approach for gold film deposition on diverse substrates.
Application of SERS-active gold films to protein-coated bioassays.
Integration with single-walled carbon nanotube Raman labels for biomarker detection.

Main Results:

Achieved SERS enhancement factors of approximately 10^7.
Demonstrated solution-phase gold film deposition on complex protein-coated bioassays for the first time.
Successfully detected the cancer biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum with high sensitivity.

Conclusions:

The developed method provides a simple, versatile route to SERS-active gold films.
This approach facilitates sensitive detection of biomarkers in complex biological samples.
The technology holds promise for advanced diagnostic assays and biosensing applications.