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[Second cancer in pediatric patients].

L E Sepúlveda1, V Beresi, J Quintana

  • 1Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna.

Revista Chilena De Pediatria
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Childhood cancer survivors have a 1.62% risk of developing second malignant tumors (SMT), often linked to prior radiotherapy. Despite the risks, cancer treatment benefits outweigh the potential for SMT development.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Cancer Epidemiology
  • Radiation Oncology

Context:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric cancer patients treated between 1968-1987 in Santiago, Chile.
  • Focus on the incidence and characteristics of second malignant tumors (SMT) in childhood cancer survivors.
  • Evaluation of long-term outcomes for patients developing SMT.

Purpose:

  • To determine the incidence of second malignant tumors (SMT) in children treated for a first cancer.
  • To analyze the types, locations, and latency periods of SMT.
  • To assess the survival rates and outcomes for pediatric patients diagnosed with SMT.

Summary:

  • Identified SMT in 7 of 430 childhood cancer survivors (1.62% incidence).
  • Common initial diagnoses included leukemia, neuroblastoma, and Wilms' tumor; most frequent SMT was osteosarcoma.
  • SMT often occurred in radiotherapy fields, with a median latency of 8.5 years; survival rates post-SMT diagnosis were poor.

Impact:

  • Highlights the significant risk of SMT in childhood cancer survivors, particularly in irradiated areas.
  • Emphasizes the need for long-term surveillance in pediatric cancer survivors.
  • Reinforces that the benefits of primary cancer treatment outweigh the risk of secondary malignancies.

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