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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors

Published on: February 25, 2020

Immunologic functions as prognostic indicators in melanoma.

Marna G Bouwhuis¹, Timo L M ten Hagen, Alexander M M Eggermont

¹Department of Surgery, Division Surgical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center - Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Molecular Oncology

|March 4, 2011

Summary

Predicting melanoma treatment response remains challenging. Autoimmunity, while sometimes linked to better outcomes, requires careful analysis to understand its true prognostic value in immunotherapy.

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Published on: February 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Dermatology

Background:

Advanced melanoma patients have poor prognoses with systemic treatments benefiting only a subset.
Predictive markers for treatment response in melanoma are currently unavailable.
Immune-related side effects like vitiligo and autoimmune thyroiditis have been associated with immunotherapy response, but data are conflicting.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the prognostic significance of autoimmunity in various immunotherapies for melanoma.
To highlight the importance of correcting for guarantee-time bias in analyzing these associations.
To explore other immune-related factors impacting melanoma prognosis.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on autoimmunity and immunotherapy in melanoma.
Discussion of prognostic significance of immune-related adverse events.
Examination of other immune markers such as CRP, white blood cell count, absolute lymphocyte count, and human leukocyte antigen.

Main Results:

Conflicting data exist regarding the association between immune-related toxicities and treatment response.
Autoimmunity may be a prognostic factor, but requires careful interpretation, including accounting for bias.
Other immune factors like CRP and lymphocyte counts may also influence melanoma prognosis.

Conclusions:

A deeper understanding of immune system and host-tumor interactions is crucial for developing more effective melanoma treatments.
Future research should focus on uncoupling beneficial anti-tumor immunity from detrimental autoimmunity.
Identifying reliable predictive markers for immunotherapy response in melanoma is a critical unmet need.