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Dermatitis in hairdressers
1Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Dermatologic Clinics
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Occupational contact dermatitis is common in hairdressers, often caused by irritants in Europe and allergens like dyes in North America. While atopy history isn't a strict exclusion, those with hand eczema should avoid this profession.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Occupational contact dermatitis is a prevalent issue among hairdressers.
- Etiology varies geographically, with irritant contact dermatitis from shampoos common in Europe, and allergic contact dermatitis from chemicals like oxidation dyes prevalent in North America.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causes and risk factors of occupational contact dermatitis in hairdressers.
- To assess the role of atopy and nickel sensitization in hairdressers' dermatitis.
- To propose preventive measures for skin disease in this occupation.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical dermatologic problems in hairdressers.
- Analysis of patch-test responses, particularly to nickel.
- Consideration of medical and family history of atopy.
Main Results:
- Allergic contact dermatitis, often due to oxidation dyes and permanent waving chemicals, is a significant problem in North America.
- A positive patch-test response to nickel in hairdressers is more likely related to exposure than pre-existing nickel allergy.
- There is no strong evidence to exclude individuals with a history of atopy, but those with hand eczema or atopic dermatitis should avoid hairdressing.
Conclusions:
- Occupational contact dermatitis in hairdressers has diverse causes, influenced by regional product use.
- Nickel sensitization may be a consequence of exposure rather than a cause.
- Worker education and improved industrial hygiene are crucial for mitigating skin disease risks.