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Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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Quantitative Immunoblotting of Cell Lines as a Standard to Validate Immunofluorescence for Quantifying Biomarker Proteins in Routine Tissue Samples

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Bcl-2 family immunohistochemistry.

L R Kelland¹, P J Beale

¹CRC Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.

Methods in Molecular Medicine

|March 5, 2011

Summary

Immunohistochemistry of Bcl-2 family proteins is crucial for cancer research. These proteins regulate programmed cell death (apoptosis), with some inhibiting it and others promoting it, impacting cancer progression.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a critical role in regulating apoptosis.
Bcl-2, the first identified member, is implicated in B-cell lymphomas.
Dysregulation of apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the growing interest in immunohistochemistry of Bcl-2 family proteins in cancer research.
To highlight the dual role of Bcl-2 family proteins in promoting or inhibiting apoptosis.
To underscore the clinical and preclinical significance of these proteins in cancer.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Bcl-2 family proteins and immunohistochemistry.
Analysis of the roles of various Bcl-2 family members (e.g., Bcl-2, Bax) in apoptosis.

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Discussion of the clinical relevance of Bcl-2 family protein expression in cancer.

Main Results:

Bcl-2 family proteins are broadly classified into pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members.
Bcl-2 acts as an anti-apoptotic protein, prolonging cell survival.
Other members, like Bax, are pro-apoptotic, promoting cell death.

Conclusions:

Immunohistochemistry of Bcl-2 family proteins is a valuable tool for cancer research.
Understanding the balance of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins is key to cancer therapy.
Targeting apoptosis pathways holds therapeutic potential for various cancers.