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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The Submerged Printing of Cells onto a Modified Surface Using a Continuous Flow Microspotter
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Development and characterization of a disposable plastic microarray printhead.

Matthias Griessner1, Dave Hartig, Alexander Christmann

  • 1Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Am Mühlenberg 13, Potsdam, Germany. Matthias.Griessner@ibmt.fraunhofer.de

Biomedical Microdevices
|March 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces low-cost, disposable plastic microarray printheads as a superior alternative to expensive silicone versions. These novel printheads offer economic and technical benefits for microarray production and analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Microarrays are essential analytical tools, commonly produced using non-contact printing with silicone printheads.
  • Conventional silicone printheads are expensive, non-disposable, and require extensive maintenance, limiting their widespread application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel 8-channel plastic microarray printheads.
  • To overcome the cost and disposability limitations of traditional silicone printheads.
  • To enhance microarray production efficiency and versatility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing injection-molding and laser processing for high-volume production of plastic printheads.
  • Employing plastics like polystyrene to reduce the need for surface modifications.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

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  • Integrating functional components such as particle filters within the printhead design.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully developed and functionally characterized cost-effective, disposable 8-channel plastic microarray printheads.
    • Demonstrated compatibility with existing microarray spotting devices (e.g., TopSpot).
    • Enabled printing of viscous liquids like cell suspensions and whole blood, and eliminated cleaning/regeneration steps.

    Conclusions:

    • Plastic microarray printheads offer significant economic and technical advantages over silicone counterparts.
    • The developed printheads are suitable for a wider range of applications, including viscous sample handling.
    • This innovation can significantly advance traditional microarray spotting technologies through low-cost, disposable solutions.