Quantum-dot-embedded silica nanotubes as nanoprobes for simple and sensitive DNA detection

We have developed a new technique using fluorescent silica nanotubes for simple and sensitive DNA detection. The quantum-dot-embedded silica nanotubes (QD-SNTs) were fabricated by a sol-gel reaction using anodic aluminum silica oxide (AAO) as a template. The fluorescent QD-SNTs of different colors were then immobilized with single-stranded DNA and used as nanoprobes for DNA detection. The optical and structural properties of QD-SNT nanoprobes were examined using photoluminescence spectroscopy, confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The QD-SNT nanoprobes were applied to detect dye-labeled target DNA in a solution phase. The obvious color change of the QD-SNT nanoprobes was observed visually under a simple microscope after the successful detection with target DNA. The quantitative analyses indicated that ∼ 100 attomole of target DNA in one nanoprobe can generate a distinguishable and observable color change. The detection results also demonstrated that our assay exhibited high specificity, high selectivity and very low nonspecific adsorption. Our simple DNA assay based on QD-SNT nanoprobes is expected to be quite useful for the needs of fast DNA screening and detection applications.