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Related Concept Videos

Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Transformation01:26

Transformation

Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
Transgenic Organisms00:53

Transgenic Organisms

Overview
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation, Transgenic Production, and Its Application for the Study of Male Reproductive Development in Rice
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Transformation of Rape with Agrobacterium tumeficiens-Based Vectors.

H K Fakhrai1

  • 1University of Durham, Durham, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|March 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Agrobacterium tumefaciens facilitates plant gene transfer. Disarming its oncogenes allows transformed plant cells to develop normally, avoiding tumorous growth.

Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Microbial genetics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium causing crown gall disease in dicots.
  • It's a widely used vector for plant genetic engineering.
  • Transgenes integrate into plant genomes and are heritable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a gene transfer vehicle.
  • To explain the necessity of disarming T-DNA oncogenes.
  • To enable normal differentiation of transformed plant cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Agrobacterium tumefaciens for gene transfer into plants.
  • Identifying and removing oncogenes from the T-DNA region of plasmids.
  • Selecting for transformed cells capable of normal differentiation.

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Main Results:

  • Stable integration of transferred genes into plant genomes.
  • Heritability of transgenes as dominant Mendelian traits.
  • Successful differentiation of disarmed, transformed plant cells.

Conclusions:

  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens is an effective tool for plant genetic modification.
  • Disarming oncogenes is crucial for producing non-tumorous transgenic plants.
  • This method allows for normal plant development post-transformation.