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Related Experiment Video

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Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
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Post varicella angiopathy.

C J Selvakumar1, C Justin, T R Gnaneswaran

  • 1Dept. of Neurology, Govt. Rajaji Hospital, Madurai.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|March 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Varicella zoster vasculopathy, a rare complication of chickenpox, can cause severe neurological deficits. This case highlights progressive symptoms in a teen, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment of VZV angiopathy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection, commonly known as chickenpox, can lead to rare neurological complications.
  • Varicella zoster vasculopathy (VZV vasculopathy) is an inflammatory condition affecting blood vessels in the brain.
  • While VZV cerebellitis is a known sequela, VZV angiopathy involving posterior circulation is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 15-year-old male presented with progressive neurological deficits over one month.
  • Symptoms appeared three months after a prior chickenpox infection.
  • Investigations revealed infarcts in both anterior and posterior cerebral circulation territories.

Findings:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed mononuclear pleocytosis.
  • Elevated VZV-specific IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in the CSF.
  • Neuroimaging (CT and MRI) confirmed multifocal infarcts.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for delayed-onset VZV vasculopathy, even in the posterior circulation.
  • Prompt diagnosis involving CSF analysis and neuroimaging is crucial for identifying VZV angiopathy.
  • Treatment with intravenous acyclovir and corticosteroids may be beneficial in managing VZV-induced vasculitis.