A novel stereotaxic apparatus for neuronal recordings in awake head-restrained rats

A novel technique for neuronal recordings in awake head-restrained animals is presented. Our setup allows (1) daily repeat microelectrode studies in rats without use of anesthesia, (2) excellent stabilization of head using an eight point fixation, (3) painless head-restraint of the animal, (4) accurate stereotaxic localization during multiple sessions of recording, (5) to considerably reduced surgical time, (6) quick repositioning during chronic recording sessions and (7) high quality stabilized neuronal recordings during periods of rest and active movements.