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Hypothalamic-pituitary gland axis function and dysfunction in horses.
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Galbreath Equine Center, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Samuel.Hurcombe@cvm.osu.edu
The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|March 12, 2011
Summary
Hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axis dysfunction is poorly understood in critically ill horses. This review details equine HP axis anatomy, function, and testing, aiding critical care management.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Equine Physiology
Background:
- Hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) dysfunction is recognized in critically ill animals, but poorly documented in horses.
- Understanding equine-specific HP axis details is crucial for managing critical illness, stress, and pain in foals and adult horses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the anatomy, function, hormones, receptors, and testing of the equine HP axis.
- To discuss HP dysfunction in the context of equine critical care medicine, referencing human medicine where applicable.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review focusing on equine HP axis and critical care.
- Synthesis of species-specific anatomical and physiological data.
- Comparison with human and veterinary medicine literature on related endocrine disorders.
Main Results:
- Detailed description of equine HP axis components and their functions.
- Identification of knowledge gaps in equine HP axis dysfunction during critical illness.
- Relevance of HP axis function to stress, pain, and critical care management in horses.
Conclusions:
- A thorough understanding of the equine HP axis is essential for effective critical care.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the prevalence and impact of HP dysfunction in ill horses.
- This review provides a foundation for diagnosing and managing HP-related conditions in equine critical care settings.
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