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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
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[Longitudinal myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus].

F Perrin1, O Espitia, T Ponge

  • 1Service de médecine interne, Hôtel-Dieu, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes cedex 01, France.

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|March 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Longitudinal myelitis, a rare form of spinal cord inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Early corticosteroid therapy can lead to rapid improvement in patients with SLE-related longitudinal myelitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Myelitis is an uncommon complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affecting less than 5% of patients.
  • Longitudinal myelitis, defined by inflammation spanning at least four medullar segments, is a rare subtype.

Observation:

  • A 31-year-old woman with SLE presented with paraparesia and delirium.
  • Diagnostic lumbar puncture and MRI confirmed longitudinal myelitis.
  • The patient experienced rapid improvement following corticosteroid administration.

Findings:

  • While transverse myelitis is frequently reported in SLE, longitudinal myelitis is notably uncommon.
  • MRI typically reveals T2 medullar hypersignals, indicative of myelitis.
  • Neurologic sequelae are possible outcomes of this condition.

Implications:

  • Longitudinal myelitis should be suspected in SLE patients presenting with paraplegia or tetraplegia, sensory deficits, and bladder dysfunction.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including corticosteroids, are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Alternative treatments like cyclophosphamide may be considered for refractory cases.