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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Published on: January 25, 2017

Recent advances in IL-22 biology.

Lauren A Zenewicz¹, Richard A Flavell

¹Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-569, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

International Immunology

|March 12, 2011

Summary

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is produced by various immune cells and impacts epithelial cells, influencing local and systemic responses. This cytokine plays a role in inflammation, tissue repair, and diseases like psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Inflammation Research

Background:

The cytokine Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is recognized by epithelial cells, triggering local and systemic molecular responses.
IL-22 is secreted by multiple lymphocyte types, including T helper 17 (T(h)17), T helper 22 (T(h)22), gamma delta (γδ) T cells, Natural Killer (NK) cells, and innate lymphoid cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the diverse cellular sources of IL-22.
To understand the regulatory mechanisms and conditions influencing IL-22 production.
To explore the multifaceted roles of IL-22 in inflammatory conditions and tissue repair.

Main Methods:

Analysis of cytokine secretion profiles from various immune cell populations.
Investigation of transcription factors and signaling pathways involved in IL-22 production (e.g., Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, IL-23).

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Review of IL-22 expression patterns in chronic inflammatory diseases and infection models.

Main Results:

T(h)17 cells produce IL-22 under specific conditions, distinct from IL-17 production.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor is crucial for IL-22 production in T(h)17, T(h)22, and γδ T cells.
IL-22 production varies by cell type and is influenced by cytokines like IL-6, TNF-α, IL-12, IL-18, and IL-23, with distinct tissue-specific patterns (skin, lung, gut).

Conclusions:

IL-22 is implicated in numerous chronic inflammatory diseases, with elevated levels correlating to disease activity.
IL-22 exhibits a dual role in the gastrointestinal tract, being protective in inflammatory bowel disease but variable in infection models.
IL-22 is a significant factor in tissue repair processes.