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[Type 2 diabetic mellitus and prognostically adverse factors]

E I Panova, K G Korneva

    Klinicheskaia Meditsina
    |March 15, 2011
    PubMed

    Insights

    Patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiac disorders face significantly lower survival rates. Key predictors of poor outcomes include high HbA1c, left ventricular changes, and myocardial ischemia.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Diabetology

    Background:

    • Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a growing global health concern.
    • Cardiac disorders, including chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) and arterial hypertension (AH), are prevalent comorbidities.
    • The impact of T2DM on survival in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the long-term survival rates of patients with cardiac disorders and type 2 diabetes.
    • To identify prognostic factors influencing survival in this patient cohort.

    Main Methods:

    • A 6-year prospective study involving 73 patients with cardiac disorders (chronic CHD, AH) and T2DM without myocardial infarction.
    • A control group of similar patients without T2DM was included for comparison.
    • Survival analysis, echocardiography (echoCG), and 24-hour ECG monitoring were utilized.

    Main Results:

    • Survival was significantly lower in patients with T2DM compared to controls (0.64 vs. 0.93, p < 0.001).
    • Elevated HbA1c levels (> 8.5%) were a major negative prognostic factor.
    • Left ventricular changes on echoCG and signs of myocardial ischemia on 24-hour ECG monitoring also predicted poorer survival.

    Conclusions:

    • Type 2 diabetes significantly reduces long-term survival in patients with chronic cardiac disorders.
    • Glycemic control (HbA1c), left ventricular structure, and myocardial ischemia are critical prognostic indicators.

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