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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue
08:15

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue

Published on: October 8, 2016

Mesenchymal stem cells.

Dah-Ching Ding1, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Shinn-Zong Lin

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.

Cell Transplantation
|March 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capabilities, offering promising therapeutic potential. Research is ongoing to discover new MSC sources and understand their complex mechanisms for clinical applications.

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Isolating Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells (MPCs) from Human Bone Marrow
09:53

Isolating Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells (MPCs) from Human Bone Marrow

Published on: July 15, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue
08:15

Isolation of Perivascular Multipotent Precursor Cell Populations from Human Cardiac Tissue

Published on: October 8, 2016

Isolating Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells (MPCs) from Human Bone Marrow
09:53

Isolating Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells (MPCs) from Human Bone Marrow

Published on: July 15, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Stem cells exhibit self-renewal and differentiation.
  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) face ethical and tumorigenesis concerns.
  • Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a less problematic alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties and sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
  • To highlight the potential of MSCs in clinical applications.
  • To identify challenges and future research directions for MSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stem cell types and MSC properties.
  • Identification of various tissue sources for MSC isolation.
  • Discussion of MSC differentiation, mobilization, and homing mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • MSCs demonstrate self-renewal and multilineage differentiation.
  • MSCs can be isolated from diverse tissues including umbilical cord, bone marrow, adipose tissue, and notably, menstrual blood and endometrium.
  • Ease of harvest and quantity make certain MSC sources practical for applications.

Conclusions:

  • MSCs are a promising candidate for future experimental and clinical applications due to their multipotent properties.
  • Further research is needed to understand MSC differentiation, mobilization, and homing mechanisms.
  • Exploring MSC roles in various diseases, transplantation, and immune responses is crucial.