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Related Experiment Videos

Implicit memory and test awareness.

J S Bowers1, D L Schacter

  • 1University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Implicit memory tests reveal distinct priming processes. Single word priming occurs even without awareness, unlike associative priming, which requires conscious recognition of prior exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Implicit memory refers to unconscious influences of past experiences on behavior.
  • Priming effects, where prior exposure enhances performance, are a key measure of implicit memory.
  • The role of awareness in different types of priming remains an active area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether implicit memory tests can be performed without awareness of prior item exposure.
  • To differentiate the memory processes underlying single word priming versus associative priming.
  • To determine if awareness is necessary for associative priming effects.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted using a stem completion task.
  • Participants completed a study phase followed by an implicit test phase.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Awareness of prior exposure was assessed, and priming effects were measured in aware and unaware subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • Single word priming was equivalent in subjects aware and unaware of prior exposure.
    • Associative priming was observed only in subjects who were aware of prior exposure.
    • These results indicate a dissociation between single word and associative priming.

    Conclusions:

    • Single word priming and associative priming likely rely on different memory mechanisms.
    • Associative priming appears to depend on conscious recollection, unlike single word priming.
    • Implicit memory testing can reveal dissociations in memory processing based on awareness.