Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026

07:46
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
Published on: November 15, 2013
Electroweak symmetry breaking from monopole condensation
Csaba Csáki1, Yuri Shirman, John Terning
1Institute for High Energy Phenomenology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. csaki@cornell.edu
Physical Review Letters
|March 17, 2011
Summary
Electroweak symmetry breaking in the Standard Model may occur through magnetic monopole bilinears. This mechanism also explains the heavy top quark mass via magnetic interactions.
Area of Science:
- Particle Physics
- Quantum Field Theory
Background:
- The Standard Model (SM) describes fundamental particles and forces.
- Electroweak symmetry breaking is a key feature of the SM, typically explained by the Higgs mechanism.
- The origin of the top quark's large mass is not fully understood within the standard framework.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose an alternative mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking.
- To present a theoretical extension of the Standard Model.
- To explain the origin of the top quark mass.
Main Methods:
- Investigating the condensation of magnetic monopole bilinears.
- Developing a theoretical framework extending the Standard Model.
- Analyzing the consequences of magnetic interactions on particle masses.
Main Results:
- Electroweak symmetry breaking can be achieved through magnetic monopole bilinear condensation.
- A new theoretical model successfully incorporates this mechanism.
- The model naturally accounts for the significant mass of the top quark.
Conclusions:
- Magnetic monopole bilinears offer a viable alternative to the Higgs mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking.
- The proposed Standard Model extension provides a consistent framework for these phenomena.
- Magnetic interactions play a crucial role in determining fundamental particle properties, including the top quark mass.
Related Concept Videos
Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations
Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
Potential Due to a Polarized Object
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
The Pauli Exclusion Principle
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics
When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis, the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Second Uniqueness Theorem
Consider a region consisting of several individual conductors with a definite charge density in the region between these conductors. The second uniqueness theorem states that if the total charge on each conductor and the charge density in the in-between region are known, then the electric field can be uniquely determined.
In contrast, consider that the electric field is non-unique and apply Gauss's law in divergence form in the region between the conductors and the integral form to the surface...
In contrast, consider that the electric field is non-unique and apply Gauss's law in divergence form in the region between the conductors and the integral form to the surface...

