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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Fluids01:20

Characteristics of Fluids

When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
Characteristics of Fluids01:31

Characteristics of Fluids

Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
Viscosity01:27

Viscosity

Viscosity is a property of fluids that measures their resistance to flow. It is influenced by factors such as the surface area of contact, the gradient of flow speed, and the fluid's viscosity constant, called the coefficient of viscosity. The coefficient of viscosity, also known as dynamic viscosity, is denoted by the symbol η. It determines the proportionality between the viscous force and the gradient of flow speed.Newton's law of viscosity states that the viscous force on a faster-moving...
Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

Characteristics of Dry Friction

Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...

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Challenges in Rheological Characterization of Highly Concentrated Suspensions — A Case Study for Screen-printing Silver Pastes
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Effect of solid properties on slip at a fluid-solid interface.

Amir Alizadeh Pahlavan1, Jonathan B Freund

  • 1Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|March 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that fluid thermostatting in simulations alters slip length, causing unphysical behavior. Realistic heat removal shows slip length decreases nonlinearly with shear rate due to viscous heating.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational physics
  • Fluid dynamics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Understanding liquid-solid interface behavior is crucial for microfluidics and nanotechnology.
  • Atomistic simulations are key tools for studying interfacial phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of solid properties and thermostatting mechanisms on liquid velocity slip.
  • To explore the impact of heat dissipation methods on slip length in simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Atomistic simulations using Lennard-Jones model systems.
  • Analysis of velocity slip at liquid-solid interfaces under varying conditions.
  • Comparison of different thermostatting mechanisms and heat removal strategies.

Main Results:

  • Solid atom vibrational frequency has minimal impact on slip length.
  • Thermostatting the fluid leads to unphysical slip behavior at high shear rates.
  • Realistic heat removal through walls results in nonlinear slip length decrease with shear rate, approaching a no-slip limit.

Conclusions:

  • Thermostatting mechanisms significantly affect simulated slip length, often leading to unphysical results.
  • Viscous heating, a consequence of realistic heat removal, governs slip length behavior at higher shear rates.
  • A unified, nonlinear slip length-shear rate relationship emerges when heat is managed realistically.