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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two...
Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
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Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
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The work...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Quantum criticality in inter-band superconductors.

Aline Ramires1, Mucio A Continentino

  • 1Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|March 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Attractive interactions in fermionic systems can create exotic superconducting states. This study finds a quantum phase transition to a pair density wave (PDW) state and characterizes its quantum critical point.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Attractive interactions in fermionic systems can lead to exotic superconducting states like pair density wave (PDW) and breached pairing.
  • Research is actively exploring these states in cold atoms and metallic systems.
  • In metals, distinct quasi-particle bands (e.g., spin bands or orbital bands) at the Fermi surface can host such phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the zero-temperature instability of normal fermionic systems with differing quasi-particle Fermi wavevectors.
  • Determine the nature of the quantum phase transition as Fermi wavevector mismatch is reduced.
  • Characterize the superconducting quantum critical point (SQCP) and its dynamic critical exponent.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a multi-band fermionic system.
  • Study of quantum phase transitions at zero temperature.
  • Analysis of quantum critical fluctuations near the SQCP.

Main Results:

  • A second-order quantum phase transition to a PDW superconducting state was identified as Fermi wavevector mismatch decreases.
  • The dynamic critical exponent of the SQCP was determined to be z = 2.
  • The SQCP is fully characterized for dimensions d ≥ 2.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a novel pathway to PDW superconductivity driven by Fermi wavevector mismatch.
  • The determined dynamic critical exponent provides crucial insights into the universality class of the SQCP.
  • These findings contribute to understanding complex phase diagrams in multi-component fermionic systems.