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Published on: June 16, 2014
Frequency and predictors of renal artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease
S Sadiq Shah1, Lubna Noor, Shah Sawar
1Department of Cardiology, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan. ssadiqshahpk@yahoo.com
Insights
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) affects 12.9% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Female patients have a higher frequency of RAS, indicating a need for targeted screening in this demographic.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Nephrology
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is frequently observed in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) and RAS often coexist, necessitating investigation into their relationship.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of RAS in patients diagnosed with CAD.
- To identify potential predictors of RAS among patients with established CAD.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study screened 201 consecutive patients with confirmed CAD for RAS using abdominal aortography.
- Demographic data and comorbidities were analyzed for associations with the presence of RAS.
Main Results:
- RAS was detected in 12.9% of the study cohort (26 out of 201 patients).
- Female gender was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of RAS (24.39% in females vs. 10.0% in males, p=0.01).
- Other factors like hypertension, smoking, renal insufficiency, high cholesterol, and diabetes were not significantly associated with RAS in this cohort.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of significant RAS in patients with CAD is 12.9%.
- Female gender represents a significant risk factor for developing RAS in patients with CAD.
Background:
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a common finding in patients undergoing coronary angiography. We designed this study to look for the frequency and any predictors of renal artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods:
A total of 201 consecutive patients with CAD confirmed by coronary angiography underwent an abdominal aortogram in the same sitting to screen for RAS. Patient demographics and co-morbidities were analysed for any association with RAS.
Results:
Forty-one of the patients were female (20.4%); ninety patients were hypertensive (44.8%); 49 patients (24.4%) were smokers; 19 patients (9.5%) had renal insufficiency; 88 patients (43.8%) had high cholesterol levels; 44 patients (21.9%) were diabetic. Thirty-two patients (15.9%) had single coronary artery disease, 59 patients (29.4%) had two vessel disease, and 110 patients (54.7%) had three vessel disease. Significant renal artery stenosis (> or = 50% stenosis) was present in 26 patients (12.9%). Among the variables studied, only female gender was found to be associated with a higher frequency of renal artery stenosis (24.39% vs 10.0%, p = 0.01).
Conclusions:
The frequency of renal artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease is 12.9%. Female gender is associated with a higher frequency of renal artery stenosis in patients with CAD.
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