Use of carbon fibers for repair of abdominal-wall defects in rats

Carbon in the form of 8-micron fibers induces growth of connective tissue. The purpose of this study was to measure and histologically characterize tissue ingrowth occurring in carbon fibers implanted for up to 12 months in abdominal-wall defects in rats, compared with polypropylene mesh. Carbon fibers induced significantly more tissue ingrowth than polypropylene mesh at 6 to 12 months postoperatively. The predominant tissues associated with carbon fibers and polypropylene mesh were dense connective tissue and fat, respectively. Fragmentation of the implants did not occur, and implant debris was not found in the regional lymph nodes. Carbon fibers are potentially useful for reinforcing abdominal-wall defects.