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Related Concept Videos

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation01:21

Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation

Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation01:27

Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation

Power motivation and achievement motivation are two essential social motives identified by psychologist David McClelland. These motives influence behavior in various personal and professional contexts, shaping how individuals interact with others and pursue their goals.
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance01:24

Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance

Primary motives such as sleep, sex, and pain avoidance are crucial drivers of behavior in humans and animals. These motives ensure survival, reproductive success, and overall well-being by prompting actions that meet essential bodily needs.
Sleep is a fundamental physiological drive that fosters a state of restfulness crucial for several bodily functions. It facilitates body restoration, the process by which the body repairs, rejuvenates, and maintains itself during sleep, including memory...
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth. This guiding role...
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training
06:51

Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training

Published on: July 27, 2022

Motivations for adolescent physical activity.

Dana M Litt1, Ronald J Iannotti, Jing Wang

  • 1Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

Journal of Physical Activity & Health
|March 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motivating adolescents for physical activity (PA) is key for lifelong health. A validated measure shows external, social, and health motivations predict adolescent PA levels.

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Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity

Published on: March 7, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training
06:51

Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training

Published on: July 27, 2022

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
05:59

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity

Published on: March 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health and Behavior
  • Exercise Psychology
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • Maintaining physical activity (PA) in adolescence is crucial for immediate well-being and adult activity levels.
  • Adolescent PA positively impacts physical, psychological, and social development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the Wold and Kannas motivation measure for adolescent physical activity (PA).
  • To assess external reward, health values, and personal interest as motivations for adolescent PA.
  • To examine the relationship between these motivations and actual PA levels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 9011 adolescents via the Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey.
  • Employed a 10-item scale to measure motivations for physical activity (PA).
  • Applied multiple group confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to analyze the motivation scale and its relation to PA.

Main Results:

  • The Wold and Kannas motivation measure effectively assessed external, social, and health-related motivations.
  • These identified motivations were significant predictors of physical activity (PA) levels in adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • The Wold and Kannas motivation measure is a reliable tool for assessing physical activity (PA) motivations in US adolescents.
  • Findings support its use in theoretical research and public health interventions promoting adolescent PA.