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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Portal Vein Injection Model to Study Liver Metastasis of Breast Cancer

A Portal Vein Injection Model to Study Liver Metastasis of Breast Cancer

Published on: December 26, 2016

Breast cancer (metastatic).

Justin Stebbing¹, Sarah Ngan

¹The Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Medical Oncology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence

|March 23, 2011

Summary

Metastatic breast cancer survival varies greatly. This review examines hormonal therapies, chemotherapy, and treatments for bone, spinal, and brain metastases to improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Medical Research

Background:

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) median survival is 12 months without treatment.
Younger patients can experience significantly longer survival, up to 20 years, which is atypical for metastatic cancers.
This highlights the need for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of various treatments for metastatic breast cancer.
To answer specific clinical questions regarding first- and second-line hormonal treatments and chemotherapy.
To evaluate treatments for bone, spinal cord, and central nervous system metastases.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of 77 studies including systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies.
Searched major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) up to June 2009.

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Included safety alerts from regulatory agencies (FDA, MHRA).

Main Results:

Evaluated first-line hormonal treatments (e.g., tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors).
Assessed second-line hormonal and chemotherapy options, including taxane-based regimens and targeted therapies (e.g., bevacizumab, trastuzumab, lapatinib).
Reviewed treatments for metastases, such as bisphosphonates, radiotherapy, and surgery.

Conclusions:

The review synthesizes evidence on the effectiveness and safety of diverse MBC interventions.
Information is provided on hormonal therapies, chemotherapy combinations, and targeted agents.
Guidance is offered for managing bone and CNS metastases, supporting clinical decision-making.