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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...

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Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis
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Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis

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[Whipple's disease: a curable encephalitis].

C Wintenberger1, A Bosseray, B Colombe

  • 1Clinique de médecine interne, CHU, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble cedex 09, France. CWintenberger@chu-grenoble.fr

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|March 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Whipple's disease, a rare infectious disorder, can cause encephalitis. Diagnosis requires histology and PCR on multiple samples, leading to successful treatment with antibiotics.

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Isolation of Brain-infiltrating Leukocytes
06:44

Isolation of Brain-infiltrating Leukocytes

Published on: June 13, 2011

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis
08:20

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Published on: June 2, 2022

Isolation of Brain-infiltrating Leukocytes
06:44

Isolation of Brain-infiltrating Leukocytes

Published on: June 13, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Whipple's disease is a rare systemic bacterial infection.
  • Clinical presentation is diverse, making diagnosis difficult.
  • Neurological involvement, such as encephalitis, is uncommon but possible.

Observation:

  • A 45-year-old male presented with acute encephalitis.
  • Initial cerebrospinal fluid PCR for Whipple's disease was negative.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via histopathology, PCR, and immunohistochemistry on multiple tissue samples.

Findings:

  • Whipple's disease can manifest as encephalitis, even with negative CSF PCR.
  • Histopathology and PCR on various samples are crucial for diagnosis.
  • Prompt antibiotic therapy led to a significant clinical improvement.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering Whipple's disease in encephalitis cases.
  • Emphasizes the utility of multi-sample testing for diagnosis.
  • Demonstrates the effectiveness of appropriate antibiotic treatment for neurological Whipple's disease.