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Neurospora crassa A mating-type region.

N L Glass1, J Grotelueschen, R L Metzenberg

  • 1Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

The mating-type locus in Neurospora crassa controls sexual reproduction and prevents incompatible growth. A specific gene within this locus, encoding a 288-amino acid protein, is crucial for these functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Mycology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The mating-type locus in Neurospora crassa regulates sexual reproduction and vegetative compatibility.
  • This locus exists in two alternative forms, A and a, with distinct DNA sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the specific region within the A mating-type locus responsible for sexual and vegetative incompatibility.
  • To characterize the molecular basis of mutations affecting these functions.

Main Methods:

  • DNA sequencing of the A mating-type locus.
  • Comparative sequence analysis between A and a mating-type strains.
  • Identification and sequencing of mutations in sterile, heterokaryon-compatible mutants.

Main Results:

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  • The A and a mating-type loci share identical flanking sequences but differ significantly in their core regions.
  • A single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 288-amino acid polypeptide within the A locus is essential for mating and incompatibility.
  • Frameshift mutations in this ORF correlate with loss of heterokaryon incompatibility and sterility.

Conclusions:

  • The identified ORF and its 288-amino acid product are critical for regulating sexual cycle entry and preventing mixed-mating-type heterokaryon formation in Neurospora crassa.
  • The findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying mating-type determination and heterokaryon incompatibility in filamentous fungi.