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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability
09:11

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

[Ischemic stroke in young age].

L A Dobrynina, L A Kalashnikova, L N Pavlova

    Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
    |March 23, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cerebral artery dissection is a leading cause of ischemic stroke (IS) in young adults, often diagnosed late. Prompt angiography is crucial for accurate diagnosis and understanding IS etiology.

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    Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

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    A Modified Transcranial Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model to Study Stroke Outcomes in Aged Mice

    Published on: May 5, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Vascular Medicine
    • Diagnostic Imaging

    Context:

    • Ischemic stroke (IS) affects a significant patient population, with diverse underlying causes.
    • Accurate etiological diagnosis is critical for appropriate treatment and secondary prevention strategies.
    • The study investigates a cohort of 203 patients with IS, examining various potential causes.

    Purpose:

    • To determine the etiological factors contributing to ischemic stroke in a diverse patient group.
    • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of various imaging modalities and laboratory tests in identifying stroke causes.
    • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing certain stroke etiologies, such as cerebral artery dissection, particularly in the acute phase.

    Summary:

    • Cerebral artery dissections were identified as the most frequent cause of IS (25%), followed by cardioembolism (12%) and antiphospholipid syndrome (11%).
    • A significant proportion of IS cases (29%) remained cryptogenic, with nearly half suspected to be due to dissection.
    • Delayed angiography (≥3 months post-stroke) was often required to confirm dissection, indicating potential underdiagnosis in the acute period.

    Impact:

    • Findings underscore the importance of considering cerebral artery dissection in younger IS patients.
    • Highlights the need for timely and appropriate diagnostic workup, including angiography, to improve etiological classification.
    • Improved understanding of IS causes can lead to more targeted therapeutic interventions and enhanced patient outcomes.