Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A novel molecularly imprinted graphene-graphite conductive paper electrode for selective electrochemical detection of hyaluronic acid in cosmetic formulations.

Talanta·2026

Same author

Asphaltene Adsorption on Solid Surfaces Investigated Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation under Flow Conditions.

ACS omega·2024

Same author

Use of Hydrogel Electrolyte in Zn-MnO<sub>2</sub> Rechargeable Batteries: Characterization of Safety, Performance, and Cu<sup>2+</sup> Ion Diffusion.

Polymers·2024

Same author

Interaction of low-level dietary supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, 1890, and feeding duration on growth hormone, growth performance and serum biochemistry of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus).

Journal of fish biology·2023

Same author

The advent of membrane-less zinc-anode aqueous batteries with lithium battery-like voltage.

Materials horizons·2022

Same author

Hydroxyl Conducting Hydrogels Enable Low-Maintenance Commercially Sized Rechargeable Zn-MnO<sub>2</sub> Batteries for Use in Solar Microgrids.

Polymers·2022

Same journal

Cancer Patients with Neuropathic Pain: Pharmacist-Led Recommendation and Management and Mirogabalin Outcomes in a Single-Center Retrospective Observational Cohort.

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026

Same journal

Cost-Effectiveness of Integrative Pain Management for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluation.

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026

Same journal

High-Dose Monotherapy or Combination Therapy in Neuropathic Pain: A Necessary Reflection.

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026

Same journal

The Price of Goodbye.

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026

Same journal

In the End, What Shall We Say?

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026

Same journal

The Use of Ketamine for Depression in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review of Efficacy, Safety, and Clinical Applications.

Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Published on: August 13, 2015

Interstitial cystitis.

Sanjoy Banerjee¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy

|March 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This article addresses patient questions about pain medication for interstitial cystitis (IC). It provides insights into IC pathology, genetics, symptoms, and treatment options for better patient self-advocacy.

More Related Videos

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Published on: April 27, 2014

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Published on: August 13, 2015

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Published on: April 27, 2014

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

Area of Science:

Urology
Pharmacology
Genetics

Context:

Patient-reported questions regarding analgesic pharmacotherapy for interstitial cystitis (IC).
Author responses aimed at patient education and empowerment.
Focus on a comprehensive overview of IC.

Purpose:

To educate patients on interstitial cystitis (IC) management.
To enhance patient self-advocacy in healthcare decisions.
To provide clear answers to common patient queries about IC treatments.

Summary:

Discussion of interstitial cystitis (IC) including its pathology and genetic factors.
Detailed exploration of the disease's course and characteristic symptoms.
Overview of current and emerging treatment strategies for IC.

Impact:

Improved patient understanding of interstitial cystitis (IC).
Empowered patients to actively participate in their treatment plans.
Facilitation of more effective communication between patients and healthcare providers regarding IC pharmacotherapy.