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Side effects of AAS abuse: an overview
E Turillazzi1, G Perilli, M Di Paolo
1Department of Forensic Pathology, University of Foggia, Ospedale Colonnello D'Avanzo, Foggia, Italy. emanuela_turillazzi@inwind.it
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
|March 30, 2011
Summary
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse can cause varied, serious health problems affecting multiple organs. Understanding AAS toxicity requires further research, especially using animal models, due to limitations in human studies.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Toxicology
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) were developed to enhance muscle growth.
- AAS abuse is prevalent among athletes and bodybuilders.
- The full spectrum of AAS toxicity and its incidence in humans remains poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the complex and varied nature of AAS toxicity.
- To highlight the limitations of human studies on AAS abuse.
- To emphasize the necessity of animal models for mechanistic toxicity studies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on AAS toxicity.
- Discussion of factors influencing AAS side effects (sex, dose, duration, genetics).
- Identification of challenges in human studies (self-reporting, poly-substance abuse).
Main Results:
- AAS abuse leads to a wide range of adverse effects across multiple organ systems.
- Side effect severity and type depend on individual factors and usage patterns.
- Human studies are limited by self-reported data and confounding substance use.
Conclusions:
- Experimental studies, particularly on animal models, are crucial for elucidating AAS toxicity mechanisms.
- Clinicians must be aware of the diverse toxicological profile of AAS for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
- Further research is needed to fully comprehend and manage AAS-related health risks.
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