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Clocking smear analysis and reduction for multi phase TDI CCD in remote sensing system.

Dejiang Wang1, Tao Zhang, Haipeng Kuang

  • 1Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, 130033, China. 18943154295@189.cn

Optics Express
|March 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Clocking smear in time delay and integration charge coupled devices (TDI CCDs) is reduced by a new charge transfer method. This technique minimizes smear, significantly improving remote imaging system quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Remote sensing technology
  • Charge-coupled device imaging

Background:

  • Clocking smear is an inherent issue in time delay and integration charge coupled devices (TDI CCDs) used in remote imaging.
  • Traditional motion compensation methods cannot eliminate clocking smear caused by charge transfer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To understand the causes of clocking smear in TDI CCDs.
  • To develop a novel charge transfer method to reduce clocking smear.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed analysis of a three-phase TDI CCD operation.
  • Development of a mathematical model for charge transfer.
  • Introduction of a new charge transfer technique.
  • Image simulations for various TDI CCD configurations (two, three, and four phase).

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Main Results:

  • A mathematical model revealed that traditional phase timing introduces nearly one pixel of smear.
  • The novel charge transfer method reduces smear to 1/2ϕ pixels per TDI stage (where ϕ is the number of phases).
  • Simulations demonstrated significant image quality improvement with the new method across different phase TDI CCDs.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed charge transfer method effectively reduces clocking smear in TDI CCDs.
  • This advancement leads to enhanced image quality in remote sensing applications.
  • The findings provide a practical solution for a persistent challenge in TDI CCD imaging.