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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
03:57

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

Published on: December 15, 2008

Clinical trials for solid tumors using electrochemotherapy.

R Heller1, R Gilbert, M J Jaroszeski

  • 1Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemotherapy has low response rates because cancer drugs struggle to enter cells. Enhancing cell membrane permeability could improve chemotherapy effectiveness for various cancers, including melanoma.

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Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats
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Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats

Published on: October 24, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
03:57

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

Published on: December 15, 2008

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats
06:32

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats

Published on: October 24, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy is a cornerstone cancer treatment, but often suffers from low patient response rates.
  • Intracellular drug action is frequently limited by the cell membrane barrier, hindering treatment efficacy.
  • Melanoma exhibits particularly low response rates, with partial responses between 20-45% and complete responses under 5%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for improving chemotherapy efficacy.
  • To explore the potential of increasing cell membrane permeability to enhance drug delivery.
  • To address the low response rates observed in various cancers, using melanoma as a model.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on chemotherapy and cell membrane transport.
  • Analysis of factors limiting intracellular drug penetration.
  • Exploration of biophysical or chemical methods to increase cell membrane permeability.

Main Results:

  • Cell membrane permeability is a critical factor limiting the effectiveness of many chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Strategies to enhance membrane permeability show potential for improving drug uptake.
  • Targeting membrane permeability could overcome a significant barrier in cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Improving cell membrane permeability is a promising strategy to enhance chemotherapy effectiveness.
  • Further research into membrane-permeabilizing agents could lead to improved cancer therapies.
  • Overcoming the cell membrane barrier may significantly increase response rates in difficult-to-treat cancers.