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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

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Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: March 31, 2021

Endothelial cells from embryonic stem cells in a chemically defined medium.

Alicia A Blancas1, Albert J Shih, Nicholas E Lauer

  • 1Graduate Program in Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, California, USA.

Stem Cells and Development
|March 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Chemically defined media improve the generation of endothelial cells (ECs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). This method optimizes substrate use and yields pure, proliferating ECs without genetic modification or serum.

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Isolation of Embryonic Ventricular Endothelial Cells
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Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
04:23

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Published on: March 31, 2021

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing
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Isolation of Embryonic Ventricular Endothelial Cells
08:05

Isolation of Embryonic Ventricular Endothelial Cells

Published on: July 20, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Vascular biology
  • Tissue engineering

Background:

  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) offer therapeutic potential for regenerative medicine, particularly for generating endothelial cells (ECs).
  • Current methods for deriving ECs from ESCs often involve serum, leading to uncontrolled differentiation and batch variability.
  • Obtaining pure, proliferating ECs from ESCs without genetic manipulation remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, chemically defined medium formulations for deriving endothelial cells (ECs) from murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs).
  • To optimize extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates for enhanced cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation.
  • To establish a reproducible and efficient protocol for generating pure, proliferating ESC-derived ECs without genetic modification.

Main Methods:

  • Development and testing of two distinct chemically defined medium formulations for mESC differentiation.
  • Optimization of extracellular matrix substrates, specifically comparing fibronectin and collagen type-IV.
  • Characterization of the resulting ESC-derived ECs to assess purity, proliferation, and differentiation.
  • Evaluation of the necessity for a secondary selection step for EC purification.

Main Results:

  • Chemically defined media formulations reproducibly yielded superior endothelial cells compared to serum-containing media.
  • Fibronectin was identified as the optimal substrate for EC induction in the chemically defined formulations, outperforming collagen type-IV.
  • ESC-derived ECs predominantly differentiated into venous ECs without additional Notch-signaling activation.
  • A secondary selection step was not required for generating proliferating ECs but enhanced final purity.

Conclusions:

  • Chemically defined media provide a reproducible and superior method for generating endothelial cells from embryonic stem cells.
  • Fibronectin substrate is crucial for efficient EC induction within these defined conditions.
  • The developed protocols facilitate the generation of pure, proliferating ESC-derived ECs, advancing their therapeutic applications.