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Related Concept Videos

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers01:18

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...

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Structural and functional differences between L-type calcium channels: crucial issues for future selective targeting.

Annalisa Zuccotti1, Stefano Clementi, Thomas Reinbothe

  • 1University of Tübingen, Department of Otolaryngology, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. annalisazuccotti@gmail.com

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|April 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary

L-type calcium channels (L-VGCCs) are crucial drug targets, but isoform-specific drugs are lacking. This review explores Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 channels for targeted therapies.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

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10:19

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11:32

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (L-VGCCs) are established drug targets, primarily for cardiovascular conditions.
  • L-VGCCs regulate diverse physiological functions beyond the cardiovascular system, including neuronal plasticity and endocrine secretion.
  • Existing L-VGCC drugs lack isoform selectivity, despite distinct biophysical properties among Ca(V)1.1-1.4 isoforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 L-VGCC isoforms.
  • To identify isoform-specific characteristics for future therapeutic targeting.
  • To explore potential organ-specific drug development strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic structure analysis of Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3.
  • Investigation of splice variants and post-translational modifications.
  • Examination of functional protein coupling for Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3.

Main Results:

  • Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 isoforms exhibit unique structural and functional properties.
  • Differences in genetic structure, splicing, and modifications offer potential for selectivity.
  • Functional protein coupling varies between the isoforms, suggesting distinct physiological roles.

Conclusions:

  • Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 possess unique characteristics that can be exploited for drug development.
  • Targeting specific L-VGCC isoforms offers a promising avenue for novel therapeutics.
  • Future research should focus on developing isoform-selective drugs for precise therapeutic intervention.