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The Contractile Ring

The Contractile Ring

Contractile rings are composed of microfilaments and are responsible for separating the daughter cells during cytokinesis. Contractile ring assembly proceeds along with other cell cycle events; however, very few mechanistic details are known about the timing and coordination of the contractile rings with the cell cycle.
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...

The Contractile Ring

The Contractile Ring

Contractile rings are composed of microfilaments and are responsible for separating the daughter cells during cytokinesis. Contractile ring assembly proceeds along with other cell cycle events; however, very few mechanistic details are known about the timing and coordination of the contractile rings with the cell cycle.
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this staggered...

Toroids

Toroids

A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
When connected to a supply, the magnetic field generated in the toroid has field lines circular and concentric to its axis. Conventionally, the direction of this magnetic field is expressed using the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand curl in the current direction, the thumb points in the...

Circular Orbits and Critical Velocity for Satellites

Circular Orbits and Critical Velocity for Satellites

The Moon orbits around the Earth. In turn, the Earth (and other planets) orbit the Sun. The space directly above our atmosphere is filled with artificial satellites in orbit. One can examine the circular orbit, the simplest kind of orbit, to understand the relationship between the speed and the period of planets and satellites with respect to their positions and the bodies that they orbit.
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) first suggested that the Earth and all other planets orbit the Sun in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

Published on: October 31, 2016

Saturn's curiously corrugated C ring.

M M Hedman¹, J A Burns, M W Evans

¹Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. mmhedman@astro.cornell.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 2, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Saturn

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The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

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Directed Cellular Self-Assembly to Fabricate Cell-Derived Tissue Rings for Biomechanical Analysis and Tissue Engineering

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Tree Core Analysis with X-ray Computed Tomography

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Published on: September 22, 2023

Area of Science:

Planetary Science
Astronomy
Ring Dynamics

Background:

Saturn's C ring exhibits a subtle corrugation.
A similar structure was previously observed in the D ring.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the origin and characteristics of the C ring corrugation.
To determine the nature of the event that caused the ring's tilt.

Main Methods:

Analysis of edge-on illumination of Saturn's rings in August 2009.
Examination of radial trends in corrugation wavelength.

Main Results:

A corrugation with 2-20 meter amplitude and 30-80 km wavelength was detected across the C ring.
The structure's characteristics suggest formation from differential nodal regression of a tilted ring.

Conclusions:

The ring tilt, leading to the corrugation, likely resulted from an impact by dispersed interplanetary debris.
The debris cloud's mass is estimated between 10^11 to 10^13 kilograms.