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Related Concept Videos

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Metabolic Labeling and Profiling of Transfer RNAs Using Macroarrays
10:56

Metabolic Labeling and Profiling of Transfer RNAs Using Macroarrays

Published on: January 16, 2018

Dimeric oligonucleotide probes enhance diagnostic macroarray performance.

Evans N Njambere1, Bruce B Clarke, Ning Zhang

  • 1Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, 59 Dudley Road, Foran Hall, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.

Journal of Microbiological Methods
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel macroarray diagnostic technique using repeat sequence probes for enhanced fungal and oomycete detection. This method significantly improves sensitivity, detecting as little as 0.01fg of genomic DNA.

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DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning
09:27

DNA Microarrays: Sample Quality Control, Array Hybridization and Scanning

Published on: March 15, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Diagnostic Microbiology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Accurate and rapid pathogen detection is crucial for effective disease management.
  • Current molecular diagnostic methods have limitations in sensitivity and detection limits.
  • Oomycete and fungal pathogens pose significant threats to agriculture and human health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a macroarray diagnostic technique with improved sensitivity and specificity for fungal and oomycete identification.
  • To evaluate the performance of different oligonucleotide probe designs, particularly repeat sequence probes.
  • To establish a new standard for molecular diagnostics in pathogen detection.

Main Methods:

  • Design and synthesis of oligonucleotide probes based on internal transcribed spacer sequences of rRNA genes.
  • Inclusion of five probe types: monomers, dimers, and modified dimers with poly-A spacers/tails.
  • Development of a macroarray platform for high-throughput pathogen detection.
  • Comparative analysis of probe performance regarding sensitivity, specificity, and signal uniformity.

Main Results:

  • Repeat sequence probes (dimers) significantly enhanced macroarray sensitivity, detecting 0.01fg of target genomic DNA.
  • Dimeric probes demonstrated lower signal variability, leading to improved macroarray signal uniformity.
  • Detection limits of the developed macroarray are lower than conventional and real-time PCR methods.
  • A minor reduction in specificity was observed with dimer probes in specific cases due to cross-hybridization.

Conclusions:

  • The developed macroarray technique, particularly with dimeric probes, offers superior sensitivity for fungal and oomycete detection.
  • This method provides a valuable tool for rapid and accurate pathogen identification, potentially improving disease management.
  • Future probe design should focus on preventing cross-hybridization in highly similar sequences to maintain specificity.