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Related Concept Videos

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory organs,...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection
10:00

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

Published on: February 17, 2017

TPC1-SV channels gain shape.

Rainer Hedrich1, Irene Marten

  • 1Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany.

Molecular Plant
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Slow vacuolar (SV) channels are key plant vacuole ion channels. While TPC1 gene mutations show minimal impact, specific mutations cause growth defects, highlighting SV channel importance in plant physiology.

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Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies
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Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies

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Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM
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Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection
10:00

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

Published on: February 17, 2017

Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies
11:42

Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies

Published on: January 22, 2015

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM
12:28

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM

Published on: April 2, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Ion Channel Research

Background:

  • Slow vacuolar (SV) channels are prominent ion channels in plant vacuoles.
  • These calcium- and voltage-activated, nonselective cation channels are ubiquitous across plant tissues.
  • Their properties are modulated by calcium, pH, redox state, and regulatory proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the major properties of SV channels.
  • To discuss the impact of SV channels on plant cell physiology.
  • To explore the function of the TPC1 gene in plants.

Main Methods:

  • Patch clamp studies for channel discovery and characterization.
  • Analysis of tpc1-loss-of-function mutants in Arabidopsis.
  • Investigation of the fou2 gain-of-function mutation in TPC1.

Main Results:

  • SV channels are present in all plant vacuoles and tissues.
  • Loss-of-function TPC1 mutants in Arabidopsis show no major physiological impairment.
  • A specific TPC1 gain-of-function mutation (D454N) results in growth defects and increased jasmonate synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • The TPC1 gene, encoding the SV channel, is conserved in all land plants, suggesting a fundamental role.
  • While loss-of-function has subtle effects, specific mutations reveal the critical physiological impact of SV channels.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the general function and regulatory mechanisms of SV channels in plant cells.