Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Positive and Negative Feedback Loops01:18

Positive and Negative Feedback Loops

Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires  maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
Cell Signaling Feedback Loops01:07

Cell Signaling Feedback Loops

Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output signals to their inputs.
Negative feedback loops
Most signaling systems have negative feedback loops that can perform different functions such as output limiter, and adaptation.
Output limiter
Upon receiving an input signal, the cellular response rapidly increases until a threshold is reached. Beyond this threshold, a negative feedback loop...
Negative and Positive Feedback01:18

Negative and Positive Feedback

Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires  maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
Root Loci for Positive-Feedback Systems01:23

Root Loci for Positive-Feedback Systems

The Hartley oscillator is a positive feedback system that sustains oscillations by feeding the output back to the input in phase, thereby reinforcing the signal. Positive feedback systems can be viewed as negative feedback systems with inverted feedback signals. In these systems, the root locus encompasses all points on the s-plane where the angle of the system transfer function equals 360 degrees.
The construction rules for the root locus in positive feedback systems are similar to those in...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass filters, manage...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A control theoretical approach to gene regulation reveals quantitative constraints for dynamic homeostasis in stochastic gene expression.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease·2026
Same author

Network divergence analysis identifies adaptive gene modules and two orthogonal vulnerability axes in pancreatic cancer.

Molecular oncology·2026
Same author

Single-cell parameter inference reveals kinetic heterogeneity in synthetic mammalian gene expression.

Biophysical journal·2026
Same author

Optimized ultrasound imaging of phase-change nanodroplets.

Ultrasonics·2025
Same author

Non-Invasive Measurement of Elasticity in Glioblastoma Multiforme Validates Decreased TMZ Sensitivity in Astrocyte Co-Culture.

IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology·2025
Same author

Optimal size and PEG coating of gold nanoparticles for prolonged blood circulation: a statistical analysis of published data.

Nanoscale advances·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells
09:20

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 6, 2021

Linearizer gene circuits with negative feedback regulation.

Dmitry Nevozhay1, Rhys M Adams, Gábor Balázsi

  • 1UT M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed synthetic gene constructs for precise and uniform gene expression control. This method allows gene expression levels to be finely tuned based on external inducer concentration for detailed gene function studies.

More Related Videos

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

Light-Controlled Fermentations for Microbial Chemical and Protein Production
08:37

Light-Controlled Fermentations for Microbial Chemical and Protein Production

Published on: March 22, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells
09:20

Reliably Engineering and Controlling Stable Optogenetic Gene Circuits in Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 6, 2021

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

Light-Controlled Fermentations for Microbial Chemical and Protein Production
08:37

Light-Controlled Fermentations for Microbial Chemical and Protein Production

Published on: March 22, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gene functional studies rely on precise control of gene expression.
  • Current methods for controlling gene expression lack precision and uniformity.
  • Detailed gene function studies require improved gene expression modulation techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop synthetic gene constructs for precise and uniform gene expression tuning.
  • To enable gene expression levels proportional to extracellular inducer concentration.
  • To facilitate more detailed studies of gene function.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of synthetic gene circuits.
  • Implementation of gene expression control systems.
  • Validation of expression levels in response to inducer concentration.

Main Results:

  • Achieved precise and uniform gene expression across a cell population.
  • Demonstrated gene expression levels directly proportional to inducer concentration.
  • Successfully tuned gene expression using novel synthetic constructs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed synthetic gene constructs offer a powerful tool for precise gene expression control.
  • This technology enables more accurate and detailed gene functional studies.
  • The method provides a scalable approach for modulating gene expression in cellular populations.