Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dynamics of Tissue-Specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cell Responses during West Nile Virus Infection.

Journal of virology·2018
Same author

Local Inflammatory Cues Regulate Differentiation and Persistence of CD8<sup>+</sup> Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells.

Cell reports·2017
Same author

Cutting Edge: Caspase-11 Limits the Response of CD8+ T Cells to Low-Abundance and Low-Affinity Antigens.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2015
Same author

Proinflammatory microenvironments within the intestine regulate the differentiation of tissue-resident CD8⁺ T cells responding to infection.

Nature immunology·2015
Same author

Dermal-resident versus recruited γδ T cell response to cutaneous vaccinia virus infection.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2015
Same author

Approaches for the design of reduced toxicant emission cigarettes.

SpringerPlus·2014
Same journal

Fast Generation of F(Ab')<sub>2</sub> Fragments From Human IgG Using Fc-Fused IgG-Degrading Enzyme.

European journal of immunology·2026
Same journal

Generation of Regulatory T Cells Against Islet Neoantigen.

European journal of immunology·2026
Same journal

Complement Inhibition in the Clinic: Are We Doing Enough to Protect Patients From Infection?

European journal of immunology·2026
Same journal

Special Issue: yEFIS 3rd Symposium.

European journal of immunology·2026
Same journal

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout Reveals a Nonredundant Role for p16<sup>INK4A</sup> in Controlling TCR-Dependent and Independent CD8 T Cell Expansion.

European journal of immunology·2026
Same journal

Induction of Humoral and Cellular Immunity After SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 Vaccination in Individuals With and Without Prior Infection.

European journal of immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist
07:48

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist

Published on: April 25, 2018

Memory T cells as an occupying force.

Michael J Bevan1

  • 1Department of Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. mbevan@u.washington.edu

European Journal of Immunology
|April 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue-resident memory T cells, residing at pathogen entry sites, are crucial for immunity against recurring infections. This review highlights their protective roles, particularly at mucosal surfaces and against latent viruses.

More Related Videos

Identification of Rare Antigen-Specific T Cells from Mouse Lungs with Peptide:Major Histocompatibility Complex Tetramers
09:15

Identification of Rare Antigen-Specific T Cells from Mouse Lungs with Peptide:Major Histocompatibility Complex Tetramers

Published on: July 19, 2024

Peptide:MHC Tetramer-based Enrichment of Epitope-specific T cells
13:58

Peptide:MHC Tetramer-based Enrichment of Epitope-specific T cells

Published on: October 22, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist
07:48

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist

Published on: April 25, 2018

Identification of Rare Antigen-Specific T Cells from Mouse Lungs with Peptide:Major Histocompatibility Complex Tetramers
09:15

Identification of Rare Antigen-Specific T Cells from Mouse Lungs with Peptide:Major Histocompatibility Complex Tetramers

Published on: July 19, 2024

Peptide:MHC Tetramer-based Enrichment of Epitope-specific T cells
13:58

Peptide:MHC Tetramer-based Enrichment of Epitope-specific T cells

Published on: October 22, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Debate exists on whether central or effector memory T cells provide superior protection against secondary infections.
  • Effector memory T cells offer rapid responses near pathogen entry, while central memory T cells have greater expansion potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of tissue-resident memory T cells in adaptive immunity.
  • To explore the protective functions of non-recirculating memory T cells at peripheral sites.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunological studies on T cell memory.
  • Analysis of research on tissue-resident memory T cell function and location.

Main Results:

  • Tissue-resident memory T cells remain at initial pathogen encounter sites.
  • These cells are distinct from circulating central and effector memory T cells.
  • They are implicated in protection against latent viral infections and at mucosal surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue-resident memory T cells represent a critical arm of immunological memory.
  • Their localization and function are vital for rapid and sustained protection against re-infection.
  • Further research into tissue-resident memory T cells is warranted for vaccine and therapeutic development.