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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions01:15

Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions

PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF).
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds
08:54

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

Recent progress on antifungal drug development.

Bing Zhai1, Xiaorong Lin

  • 1Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3258, USA.

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
|April 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New antifungal drugs show promise for treating invasive fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. This review explores existing and novel compounds, offering hope for improved antifungal therapies and drug development.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds
08:54

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

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Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
08:45

Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance

Published on: December 28, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Invasive fungal infections pose a significant public health risk, particularly for immunocompromised individuals.
  • Current antifungal therapies face challenges including limited drug classes, emerging resistance, and diagnostic difficulties.
  • Despite advancements, treatment outcomes for fungal infections remain unsatisfactory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the antifungal activities of FDA-approved drugs repurposed for fungal infections.
  • To explore newly discovered natural and artificial compounds with antifungal potential.
  • To summarize mechanisms of action, limitations, and therapeutic potential for future antifungal drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing scientific publications.
  • Analysis of antifungal properties of repurposed FDA-approved drugs.
  • Investigation of novel natural and synthetic compounds with antifungal activity.

Main Results:

  • Several FDA-approved drugs exhibit promising antifungal activities.
  • Newly identified compounds demonstrate diverse mechanisms against fungal pathogens.
  • The review highlights potential therapeutic avenues and limitations of current and emerging antifungals.

Conclusions:

  • Repurposed drugs and novel compounds offer new strategies for combating invasive fungal infections.
  • Understanding diverse mechanisms of action is crucial for future antifungal drug discovery.
  • Further research into these agents could significantly improve patient outcomes and address antifungal resistance.