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Diabetes mellitus and sperm parameters

Sandro La Vignera1, Rosita Condorelli, Enzo Vicari

  • 1Section of Endocrinology, Andrology, and Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Systemic Diseases, Catania University, Policlinico G. Rodolico, S Sofia 78th St, Bldg 4, Rm 2C82, 95123 Catania, Italy. sandrolavignera@email.it

Journal of Andrology
|April 9, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly impacts male fertility by altering sperm quality and function. This review details how DM causes molecular changes, affecting sperm parameters and reproductive health.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Andrology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is often overlooked in infertile patients due to limited research.
  • Emerging evidence suggests DM causes subtle molecular changes affecting sperm quality and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of DM on semen parameters.
  • To present hypothesized mechanisms behind observed sperm changes in diabetic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diabetes mellitus and semen quality.
  • Analysis of sperm parameters and associated mechanisms in diabetic men.

Main Results:

  • DM alters conventional semen parameters and causes epididymal histologic damage.
  • Mechanisms include endocrine disorders, neuropathy, oxidative stress, and DNA damage.
  • Type 1 DM may involve autoimmune damage, while Type 2 DM is linked to insulin resistance and obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus negatively affects sperm parameters and function through various pathways.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing male infertility in diabetic patients.

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